رأس المال النفسي الايجابي وعلاقته بالذكاء الثقافي لدى الموظفين
Abstract
"Positive psychological capital is one of the basic concepts of positive organizational behavior and consists of four components: (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience). Self-efficacy can be interpreted as the belief in an individual's ability to mobilize motivations, cognitive resources, and courses of action to carry out a specific task in a given context. Hope is the possession of willpower and perseverance towards achieving one's goals, while optimism refers to the interpretive style in which an individual attributes positive events to permanent internal causes, and attributes negative events to temporary external causes. Resilience is either recovering from adversity or failure to achieve success".
Cultural difference depends on the diversity of cultural elements, and refers to the differences that appear between individuals depending on race, social and political level, gender, disability, language, religion and geographical area, since each society has a culture, cultural communities within a single society develop different cultures according to their common past, the region in which they live, the language they speak and their social and economic status, so cultural intelligence can be described as a field of intelligence that explains the differences between people in their ability to interact with other societies and different cultures within society, as individuals live with different societies and thus with different cultures together for certain reasons such as education, increasing living standards, trade, shopping and politics, so cultural intelligence has gained great importance. Note that the current research aims to identify:
1-Positive psychological capital among employees
2-Significance of differences in positive psychological capital according to gender variables (males - females) among employees
3-Cultural intelligence among employees
4- The significance of the differences in cultural intelligence among employees according to the variables of gender (males – females)
5-The correlation between positive psychological capital and cultural intelligence
To achieve the research objectives, the researcher built a positive psychological capital scale according to the theory of Dollwet & Reichard, 2013, with its final form of (16) paragraphs. The researcher also built a cultural intelligence scale according to the theory of Earley & Ang, 2003, with its final form of (18) paragraphs. After confirming the psychometric properties, they were applied to a sample of employees consisting of (232) male and female employees. The results showed the following:
1- The individuals of the research sample are characterized by a high level of positive psychological capital
2-There is a statistically significant difference between males and females in positive psychological capital, in favor of females
3- The individuals of the research sample are characterized by a high level of cultural intelligence.
4- There is a statistically significant difference between males and females in cultural intelligence, in favor of males
5-There is a direct relationship between positive psychological capital and cultural intelligence.
In light of the results achieved in the current research, the researcher came up with some recommendations and suggestions.
